合同中到遇到的问题

前言
　　英译商务合同貌似简单，实则不然。商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体，重在记实，用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。
　　本文拟运用翻译教学中所积累的英译商务合同的实例，从三个方面论述如何从大处着眼、小处着手、力求准确严谨英译商务合同。
　　一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词
　　商务合同属于法律性公文，所以英译时，有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词，就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现，这种公文语副同常被普通词语所代替，从而影响到译文的质量。
　　实际上，这种公文语惯用副同为数并不多，而已构词简单易记。常用的这类副词是由 here、there、where 等副词分别加上 after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with 等副词，构成一体化形式的公文语副词。例如：
　　从此以后、今后：hereafter；
　　此后、以后：thereafter；
　　在其上：thereonthereupon；
　　在其下：thereunder；
　　对于这个：hereto；
　　对于那个：whereto；
　　在上文：hereinabovehereinbefore；
　　在下文：hereinafterhereinbelow；
　　在上文中、在上一部分中：thereinbefore；
　　在下文中、在下一部分中：thereinafter．
　　现用两个实例，说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。
　　例 1：本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。
This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder.
　　例 2：下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品，其品牌以此为合适。
The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China.

 

二、慎重处理合同的关键细目
　　实践证明，英译合同中容易出现差错的地方，一般来说，不是大的陈述性条款。而恰恰是一些关键的细目．比如：金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错，在英译合同时，常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。
　　3.1　 限定责任
　　众所周知，合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围，常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。
　　3.1.1 a nd/or
　　常用 and/or 英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容，这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分。
　　例 9：如果上述货物对船舶和（或）船上其它货物造成任何损害，托运人应负全责。
The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship and/or cargo on buard.
　　3.1.2 by and between
　　常用 by and between 强调合同是由“双方”签订的，因此双方必须严格履行合同所赋于的责任。
　　例 10：买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。
This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the undermentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.

　　3.2　 限定时间
　　英译与时间有关的文字，都应非常严格慎重地处理，因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时，常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。
　　3.2.1 双介词
　　用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。
　　例 11；自9月2O日起，甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。
Party Ashall be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any account on and after September 20.
　　例 12：我公司的条件是，3 个月内，即不得晚于5月1日，支付现金。
Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1.
　　3.2.2 not(no)later than
　　用“not (no) later than +日期”英译“不迟于某月某日”。

　　例 13：本合同签字之日一个月内，即不迟于12月15日，你方须将货物装船。
Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e. not later than December 15.
　　3.2.3 include 的相应形式
　　常用 include 的相应形式：inclusive、including 和 included，来限定含当日在内的时间。
　　例 14：本证在北京议付，有效期至1月1日。
This credit expires till January 1(inclusive) for negotiation in Beijing. (or:This credit expires till and including January 1 for negotiation in Beijing.) 如果不包括1月1日在内，英译为 till and not including January 1。
　　
　　3.3　限定金额
　　为避免金额数量的差漏、伪造或涂改，英译时常用以下措施严格把关。
　　3.3.1.大写文字重复金额
　　英译金额须在小写之后，在括号内用大写文字重复该金额，即使原文合同中没有大写，英译时也有必要加上大写。在大写文字前加上“SAY”，意为“大写”；在最后加上“ONLY”。意思为“整”。必须注意：小写与大写的金额数量要一致。
　　例 16：聘方须每月付给受聘方美元 500 元整。
Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US $ 500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY).
　　3.3.2. 正确使用货币符号
　　英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号。“$”既可代表“美元”，又可代表其他某些地方的货币；而“￡”不仅代表“英镑”，又可代表其他某些地方的货币。
　　必须注意：当金额用数字书写时，金额数字必须紧靠货币符号，例如：Can $891,568，不能写成：Can $ 891,568。另外，翻译的还要特别注意金额中是小数点（.） 还是分节号（,），因为这两个符号极易引起笔误，稍有疏忽，其后果是不堪设想的。

国际贸易英语

trade term / price term 价格术语

　　world / international market price 国际市场价格

　　FOB (free on board) 离岸价

　　C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价

　　CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价

　　freight 运费

　　wharfage 码头费

　　landing charges 卸货费

　　customs duty 关税

　　port dues 港口税

　　import surcharge 进口附加税

　　import variable duties 进口差价税

　　commission 佣金

　　return commission 回佣，回扣

　　price including commission 含佣价

　　net price 净价

　　wholesale price 批发价

　　discount / allowance 折扣

　　retail price 零售价

　　spot price 现货价格

　　current price 现行价格 / 时价

　　indicative price 参考价格

　　customs valuation 海关估价

　　price list 价目表

　　total value 总值

　　贸易保险术语

　　All Risks 一切险

　　F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 平安险

　　W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险

　　War Risk 战争险

　　F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险

　　Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险

　　Risk of Leakage 渗漏险

　　Risk of Odor 串味险

　　Risk of Rust 锈蚀险

　　Shortage Risk 短缺险

　　T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险

　　Strikes Risk 罢工险

　　贸易机构词汇

　　WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织

　　IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织

　　CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会

　　EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟

　　AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区

　　JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会

　　NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区

　　UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议

　　GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定

　贸易方式词汇

　　stocks 存货，库存量

　　cash sale 现货

　　purchase 购买，进货

　　bulk sale 整批销售，趸售

　　distribution channels 销售渠道

　　wholesale 批发

　　retail trade 零售业

　　hire-purchase 分期付款购买

　　fluctuate in line with market conditions 随行就市

　　unfair competition 不合理竞争

　　dumping 商品倾销

　　dumping profit margin 倾销差价，倾销幅度

　　antidumping 反倾销

　　customs bond 海关担保

　　chain debts 三角债

　　freight forwarder 货运代理

　　trade consultation 贸易磋商

　　mediation of dispute 商业纠纷调解

　　partial shipment 分批装运

　　restraint of trade 贸易管制

　　RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements) 区域贸易安排

　　favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差

　　unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差

　　special preferences 优惠关税

　　bonded warehouse 保税仓库

　　transit trade 转口贸易

　　tariff barrier 关税壁垒

　　tax rebate 出口退税

　　TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) 技术性贸易壁垒

　　贸易伙伴术语

　　trade partner 贸易伙伴

　　manufacturer 制造商，制造厂

　　middleman 中间商，经纪人

　　dealer 经销商

　　wholesaler 批发商

　　retailer, tradesman 零售商

　　merchant 商人，批发商，零售商

　　concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人，特许权获得者

　　consumer 消费者，用户

　　client, customer 顾客，客户

　　buyer 买主，买方

　　carrier 承运人

　　consignee 收货人

　　进出口贸易词汇

　　commerce, trade, trading 贸易

　　inland trade, home trade, domestic trade 国内贸易

　　international trade 国际贸易

　　foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易，外贸

　　import, importation 进口

　　importer 进口商

　　export, exportation 出口

　　exporter 出口商

　　import licence 进口许口证

　　export licence 出口许口证

　　commercial transaction 买卖，交易

　　inquiry 询盘

　　delivery 交货

　　order 订货

　　make a complete entry 正式/完整申报

　　bad account 坏帐

　　Bill of Lading 提单

　　marine bills of lading 海运提单

　　shipping order 托运单

　　blank endorsed 空白背书

　　endorsed 背书

　　cargo receipt 承运货物收据

　　condemned goods 有问题的货物

　　catalogue 商品目录

　　customs liquidation 清关

　　customs clearance 结关

不可不知的国际贸易英语 世界通用绝对标准

 

国际贸易的价格表示方法，除了具体金额外，还要包括贸易术语，交货地点及所使用的货币。如： USD150 FOB Hongkong,
STG2000 CIF Liverpool，其中USD指的是以美金作价，而STG为英镑；Hongkong香港和Liverpool利物浦为交货地点；FOB与 CIF
则为两个较为常用的贸易术语。

 

以下是国际商会出版的《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》中规定的全部贸易术语的分类。

第一组：E组（卖方在其所在地点把货物交给买方）

Ex Works (named place) 工厂交货（指定地点）

第二组：F组（卖方须将货物交至买方指定的承运人）

FCA: Free Carrier (named place) 货交承运人（指定地点）

FAS: Free Alongside Ship (named port of shipment)

船边交货（指定装运港）

FOB: Free On Board (named port of shipment)

船上交货（指定装运港）

第三组：C组（卖方必须签定运输合同，但对货物灭失或损坏的风险以及装船和启运后发生事件所产生的额外费用不承担责任）

CFR: Cost & Freight (named port of destination)

成本加运费（指定目的港）

CIF: Cost, Insurance and Freight (named port of destination)

成本，保险加运费（指定目的港）

CPT: Carriage Paid To (named place of destination)

运费付至（指定目的地）

CIP: Carriage and Insurance Paid To

(named place of estination)

运费保险费付至（指定目的地）

第四组：D组（卖方必须承担把货物交至目的地国家所需的全部费用和风险）

DAF: Delivered at Frontier (named place) 边境交货（指定地点）

DES: Delivered ex Ship (named port of destination)

船上交货（指定目的港）

DEQ: Delivered ex Quay (named place of destination)

码头交货（指定目的地）

DDU: Delivered Duty Unpaid (named place of destination)

未完税交货（指定目的地）

DDP: Delivered Duty Paid (named place of destination)

完税后交货（指定目的地）

对外贸英语

They mainly trade with Japanese firms.

他们主要和日本商行进行贸易。

For the past five years, we have done a lot of trade with your company.

在过去的五年中，我们与贵国进行了罅康拿骋住?/P>

Our trade is conducted on the basis of equality.

我们是在平等的基础上进行贸易。

There has been a slowdown in the wool trade with you.

和你们的羊毛贸易已有所减少。

Our foreign trade is continuously expanding.

我们的对外贸易不断发展。

Trade in leather has gone up (down) 3%.

皮革贸易上升（下降）了百分之三。

Trade in general is improving.

贸易情况正在好转。

Our company mainly trades in arts and crafts.

我们公司主要经营手工艺品。

They are well-known in trade circles.

他们在贸易界很有名望。

We trade with people in all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.

我们在平等互利的基础上和各国人民进行贸易。

To respect the local custom of the buying country is one important aspect of China's foreign policy.

尊重买方国家的风俗习惯是我国贸易政策的一个重要方面。

Our purpose is to explore the possibilities of developing trade with you.

我们的目的是和你们探讨一下发展贸易的可能性。

Words and Phrases

foreign trade 对外贸易

overseas trade 海外贸易

international trade 国际贸易

to trade with 和……进行贸易

to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重

to do business in a sincere way 做生意诚恳

to make a deal 做一笔交易

deal 交易，经营，处理，与……交往

to deal in 经营，做生意

to explore the possibilities of 探讨……的可能性

trade circles 贸易界

to handle 经营某商品

to trade in 经营某商品

business scope/frame 经营范围

trading firm/house 贸易行，商行

Can we do a barter trade?

咱们能不能做一笔易货贸易呢？

Is it still a direct barter trade?

这还算是一种直接的易货贸易吗？

If you agree to our proposal of a barter trade, we'll give you paper in exchange for your timber.

如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。

Shall we sign a triangle trade agreement?

我们订一个三角贸易协议好吗？

A triangle trade can be carried out among the three of us.

我们三方可进行三角贸易。

Compensation trade is, in fact, a kind of loan.

补偿贸易实际上是一种信贷。

We may agree to do processing trade with you.

我们同意与你们进行来料加工贸易。

If you're interested in leasing trade, please let us know.

如果你们有意做租赁贸易，请告诉我们。

We wonder whether you do counter trade.

我们不知道你们是否做抵偿贸易。

Words and Phrases

trade by commodities 商品贸易

visible trade 有形贸易

invisible trade 无形贸易

barter trade 易货贸易

bilateral trade 双边贸易

triangle trade 三角贸易

multilateral trade 多边贸易

counter trade 对销贸易；抵偿贸易

counter purchase 互购贸易

buy-back 回购贸易

compensation trade 补偿贸易

processing trade 来料加工贸易

assembling trade 来料装配贸易

leasing trade 租赁贸易

in exchange for 用……交换……

trade agreement 贸易协议

We want to develop direct contact with Continental buyers for ourselves.

我们想为自己的公司同欧洲大陆的买主建立起直接的联系。

We see that your firm specializes in Light Industrial Goods, and we are willing to establish business relationship with you.

得知贵公司专门经营轻工业品，我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。

We are one of the largest importers of Electric Goods in this city, and we wish to establish business relationship with you.

我们是此地最大的电器进口商之一，愿意与你们建立业务关系。

We are willing to enter into business relationship with your company on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.

我们愿在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。

Our two countries have had trade relations for ten years.

我们两国之间已经有了10年的贸易关系。

We've never had any difficulties with our Chinese partners, and we'd like to make as many new contacts as we can.

和中国同行共事从来没有什么困难，希望今后我们之间尽可能多地建立新的关系。

We have made a very good start in our business with Japan.

我们和日本在业务上有了良好的开端。

Our company is thinking of expanding its business relationship with China.

我公司想扩大与中国的贸易关系。

As is known, we set great store by the trade relationship with the third world countries.

众所周知，我们十分重视同第三世界国家的贸易关系。

We look forward to reactivating our business relationship.

我们盼望我们的业务关系重新活跃起来。

We shall welcome a chance to renew our friendly relationship.

很高兴能有机会来恢复我们的友好关系。

We'll try our best to widen our business relationship with you.

我们将尽力扩大同你们的贸易关系。

We're writing you in order to establish business relationship.

我们写此信是为了与你方建立业务关系。

The arrangement will contribute to cement our pleasant relationship.

此项安排将有助于巩固我们良好的关系。

We're willing to restore our business relationship.

我们希望能恢复贸易关系。

It will be advantageous if steps are taken to resume our business relationship on the basis of mutual benefit.

如果我们采取措施在互利的基础上恢复业务关系，对我们都是有利的。

The depressed market results in the stagnation of trade.

市场萧条导致贸易停滞。

We have been doing quite well in our business, we are willing to open an account with you.

我们的生意一直做得不错，希望能与你们建立帐户往来关系。

Words and Phrases

business association 业务联系，交往

business connection 业务联系

close relationship 密切的关系

closer ties 更密切的关系

to establish(enter into, set up)business relationship 建立业务关系

to continue business relationship 继续业务关系

to present business relationship 保持业务关系

to improve business relationship 改善业务关系

to promote business relationship 促进业务关系

to speed up business relationship 加快业务关系的发展

to enlarge (widen) business relationship 扩大业务关系

to restore (resume) business relationship 恢复业务关系

to interrupt business relationship 中断业务关系

to cement business relationship 巩固业务关系

When could you introduce me to your sister company?

什么时候把贵公司的兄弟公司介绍给我们？

Would you please introduce us to some of the most reliable exporters of Chinese handicrafts?

请向我们推荐一些最可靠的中国手工艺品出口商，可以吗？

If you are interested in dealing, with us in other products of our company, please inform us of your requirements as well as your banker's name and address.

如果你们有意经营我公司其他产品，请告知你方要求及往来银行的名称和地址。

Because of the rapid development of our business in Asia, we think it's necessary to open a branch at the following address.

鉴于我们在亚洲地区业务的迅速发展，有必要在下列地点设立分公司。

We've often expressed our interest in investing in China.

我们一直对在中国投资很感兴趣。

Our abundant resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages they invest here.

我们丰富的资源和稳定的政策为外商投资提供了有利条件。

Thank you for your manner of business cooperation.

我们对你们的合作态度非常满意。

We have been working on expanding our scope of cooperation with China.

我们一直努力设法扩大与中国的合作范围。

We believe in long-term cooperation with China because we view the future as bright.

我们相信与中国长期合作的前途是光明的。

Words and Phrases

trade prospects/outlook 贸易前景

trade cooperation 贸易合作

technological cooperation 技术合作

business cooperation 业务合作

cooperative relationship 合作关系

the scope of cooperation 合作范围

Additional Words and Phrases

trade fair 贸易展销会

trade show 贸易展览

trade agreement 贸易协议

to establish arrangement 达成协议

to reach an agreement 达成协议

trade terms/clause 贸易条款

trade balance 贸易平衡

to conclude a business transaction 达成贸易交易

to work with 与……共事

business activities 经济活动

business house 商行；商号

trading department/mechanics 贸易机构

trade association 贸易协会

the foreign trade department 对外贸易部门

C.C.P.I.T.( China Council for the Promotion of International Trade)

中国国际贸易促进会

Commercial Counselor's Office

中国使馆的商务处

Chamber of Commerce 商会

trading partnership 经营合伙人

foreign trade personnel 外贸工作者

trading center 贸易中心

trading market 贸易市场

tradesman/trade peoples 商人，零售商

代理外贸英语

 

In consideration of your extensive experience in the field, we are glad to appoint you as our agent.
考虑到你们在这一业务范围的丰富经验，我们很高兴指定你们为我们的代理。
I'm entitled to being appointed as your agent.
我有权被指定为你方代理。
We keep a stock in London and act as distributors as well as agents.
我们在伦敦有库存并经营销售兼做代理。
We've decided to entrust you with the sole agency for cars.
我们决定委托你作为我们汽车的独家代理。
Thank you for your proposal of acting as our agent.
谢谢你方作为我们代理的建议。
If we come to terms, we'll appoint you as our agent.
如果达成协议，我们将指定你为我方的代理。
We wish to handle as an agent the goods you are exporting.
我们愿意担任你们出口商品的代理。
We can play an important part as a buying agent in your overseas trade.
我们能在担任你方海外贸易的进口代理中起重要作用。
We're in a position to take good care of your import business as a buying agent.
我们能负起作为你方进口业务中买放代理的责任。
Please get in touch with our agents for the supply of the goods you require.
你们所需的商品，请与我们的代理联系。
We'll leave aside the problem of agency until next week.
我们暂时把代理问题搁置到下周。
We're not prepared to take the agency into consideration for the time being.
目前我们还不准备考虑代理问题。
We won't consider agency in your market at present.
我们目前不考虑在你地市场的代理问题。
We have to decline your proposal of acting as our sole agency.
我们不得不谢绝你们作为我方独家代理的建议。
I think it premature for us to discuss the question of agency.
我认为现在讨论代理问题为时过早。
　

Unless you increase the turnover, we can hardly appoint you as our sole agent.
除非你们增加营业额，否则我们无法指定你们作为我方的独家代理。
Don't you think the annual turnover for a sole agent is rather conservative?
对独家代理来讲，这样一个年销售量，您不认为太保守吗？
It was two years ago that we made them our sole agent.
我们是在两年前委任他们为我方独家代理的。
When opportunity matures, we will consider making you our exclusive agent for the U.K.
当机会成熟时，我们将考虑委托你为我方在联合王国的独家代理。
We'll consider appointing you as our sole agent for our T shirts for the next two years in your local market.
我们将考虑指定您为贵国市场上 T 恤衫的独家代理，为期两年。
I am here today to apply for the sole agency of your product in our local market.
我今天来是为了申请做你方产品在我国市场上的独家代理。
How can we appoint you as our sole agent for such a small quantity?
订货量如此之少，我们怎能请您做独家代理呢？
I propose a sole agency agreement for bicycles for a period of 3 years.
我建议订一个专销自行车的为期三年的独家代理协议。
We are not yet prepared to take the question of sole agent into consideration for the time being.
我们目前还不准备考虑有关独家代理的问题。
Your application for sole agency is now under our careful consideration.
我们正在仔细考虑你方想要独家（经营）代理的请求。
We should be interested in acting as your sole agent.
我们很乐意做贵公司的独家代理人。
　
Words and Phrases
sole agent 独家代理（人）
exclusive agent 独家代理（人）
　

When do you expect to sign the agency agreement?
您何时签定代理协议呢？
The agency agreement has been drawn up for the period of one year.
为期一年的代理协议书已经拟订出来。
I want to sign a sole agency agreement with you on this item for a period of 2 years.
我想和你们签定一项为期两年的独家代理协议。
The agency agreement was made out with great care and we have found no loopholes in it.
代理协议书制订的非常仔细，我们没有发现里面有漏洞。
I hope we can see eye to eye about the other terms of the agency then.
我希望到那时候我们能在代理协议的其他条款上能取得一致意见。
We wonder whether we may conclude a long term agency contract with you.
我们不知道能否与你方达成长期代理合约。
Well, what annual quantity would you like to suggest for the new agreement then?
那么，您认为在新的协议中年销售量应是多少呢？
Our agency agreement calls for a timely market report.
我们的代理协议要求你方及时递交市场报告一份。
Since the agency agreement was signed, your turnover has amounted to $500.
自从代理协议签定以后，你们的销售额已达 500 美圆。
I hope you'll spare no efforts to promote the sale of our products so as to pave the way for renewing the agency agreement when it expires at the end of this year.
希望贵能尽力促进销售，为协议在今年年底期满后续订铺平道路。
We can renew the agreement of agency on its expiry.
我们可以在代理协议期满时续订。
I've come again to renew our sole agency agreement for another 3 years.
我们这次再访是想把我们之间的独家代理协议延长三年。
　
Additional Words and Phrases
selling agents 销售代理
buying agents 购货代理
forwarding agents 运输代理
the agent carrying stock 储货代理
the agent of necessity 客观需要时的代理人
principal 委托方
agent 代理人
agents or agency 代理方或代理公司
express agency 明示代理
implied agency 默认代理

货运方面

交货 delivery 　　　　　　　　　

轮船 steamship( 缩写 S.S)

装运、装船 shipment 　　　　　　

租船 charter (the chartered shep)

交货时间 time of delivery 　　

定程租船 voyage charter;

装运期限 time of shipment 　　　

定期租船 time charter

托运人（一般指出口商） shipper,consignor

收货人 consignee 　　　　　　　　

班轮 regular shipping liner
　
驳船 lighter 　　　　　　　　　　

舱位 shipping space
　　　　
油轮 tanker 　　　　　　　　　　　

报关 clearance of goods
　　
陆运收据 cargo receipt 　　　　　

提货 to take delivery of goods

空运提单 airway bill 　　　　　　

正本提单 original B\L

选择港（任意港） optional port 　

选港费 optional charges

选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers
或 optional charges for Buyers' account

一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment

一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st. 或 shipment on or before Jan.31st.

一 / 二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb. 或 Jan./Feb. shipment

在 ......( 时间）分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots

在 ......( 时间）平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots

分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments

分三个月，每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments

立即装运 immediate shipments

即期装运 prompt shipments

收到信用证后 30 天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C

允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable